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		<title>Kristal Saray</title>
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		<pubDate>Mon, 06 Mar 2017 15:15:50 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Pavyon]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[2. dünya savaşı]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cam çelik]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[crystal palace]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dövme demir]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hyde park]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[joseph paxton]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[kristal saray]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sanayi devrimi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sera mimari]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sydenham]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[viktoryan mimari]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.arkitektuel.com/?p=1058</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>1851&#8217;de düzenlenen 1. Dünya Sergisi için, Hyde Park&#8217;ın içinde tasarlanan Kristal Saray, demir-çelik yapı elemanlarının mimari alanda kullanılmasının öncülerindendir. Toplam 92,000 metrekare alan üzerine kurulmuş Kristal Saray, Sanayi Devrimi&#8217;nin ardından ortaya çıkan teknolojik gelişmelerin sergilenmesi amacıyla inşa edilmiştir. 564 metre uzunluğunda, 139 metre genişliğinde ve 39 metre yüksekliğinde olan Kristal Saray, ortadaki en yüksek olmak [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/">Kristal Saray</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.arkitektuel.com">Arkitektuel</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<div id="attachment_1059" style="width: 650px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-1059" data-attachment-id="1059" data-permalink="https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/789px-crystal_palace_general_view_from_water_temple/" data-orig-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/789px-Crystal_Palace_General_view_from_Water_Temple.jpg" data-orig-size="789,600" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="Kristal Saray" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;Kristal Saray &amp;#8211; Joseph Paxton&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;©Wikimedia Commons &lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/789px-Crystal_Palace_General_view_from_Water_Temple-300x228.jpg" data-large-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/789px-Crystal_Palace_General_view_from_Water_Temple-640x487.jpg" class="size-large wp-image-1059" src="http://arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/789px-Crystal_Palace_General_view_from_Water_Temple-640x487.jpg" alt="Kristal Saray - Joseph Paxton" width="640" height="487" srcset="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/789px-Crystal_Palace_General_view_from_Water_Temple-640x487.jpg 640w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/789px-Crystal_Palace_General_view_from_Water_Temple-300x228.jpg 300w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/789px-Crystal_Palace_General_view_from_Water_Temple-768x584.jpg 768w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/789px-Crystal_Palace_General_view_from_Water_Temple-740x563.jpg 740w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/789px-Crystal_Palace_General_view_from_Water_Temple.jpg 789w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /><p id="caption-attachment-1059" class="wp-caption-text">©Wikimedia Commons</p></div>
<div class="vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid"></div><div class="wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12"><div class="vc_column-inner "><div class="wpb_wrapper"></div></div></div><div class="vc_message_box vc_message_box-outline vc_message_box-rounded vc_color-grey">
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	</div><h5>Mimar: Joseph Paxton</h5>
<h5>Yer: Hyde Park, Londra, İngiltere</h5>
<h5>Yapım yılı: 1851</h5>
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<p>1851&#8217;de düzenlenen 1. Dünya Sergisi için, Hyde Park&#8217;ın içinde tasarlanan Kristal Saray, demir-çelik yapı elemanlarının mimari alanda kullanılmasının öncülerindendir. Toplam 92,000 metrekare alan üzerine kurulmuş Kristal Saray, Sanayi Devrimi&#8217;nin ardından ortaya çıkan teknolojik gelişmelerin sergilenmesi amacıyla inşa edilmiştir.</p>
<div id="attachment_1063" style="width: 486px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-1063" data-attachment-id="1063" data-permalink="https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/crystal_palace/" data-orig-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Crystal_Palace.png" data-orig-size="476,341" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="Kristal Saray" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;Kristal Saray &amp;#8211; Joseph Paxton&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;©Wikimedia Commons &lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Crystal_Palace-300x215.png" data-large-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Crystal_Palace.png" class="size-full wp-image-1063" src="http://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Crystal_Palace.png" alt="" width="476" height="341" srcset="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Crystal_Palace.png 476w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Crystal_Palace-300x215.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 476px) 100vw, 476px" /><p id="caption-attachment-1063" class="wp-caption-text">©Wikimedia Commons</p></div>
<p>564 metre uzunluğunda, 139 metre genişliğinde ve 39 metre yüksekliğinde olan Kristal Saray, ortadaki en yüksek olmak üzere toplam beş kademeden oluşmaktadır. Asma katlar ile birlikte toplam 74,000 metrekarelik sergi alanına sahiptir.</p>
<div id="attachment_1064" style="width: 530px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-1064" data-attachment-id="1064" data-permalink="https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/interior-2/" data-orig-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/interior.jpg" data-orig-size="520,306" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="Kristal Saray" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;Kristal Saray &amp;#8211; Joseph Paxton&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;©paristeampunk.canalblog.com&lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/interior-300x177.jpg" data-large-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/interior.jpg" class="size-full wp-image-1064" src="http://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/interior.jpg" alt="" width="520" height="306" srcset="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/interior.jpg 520w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/interior-300x177.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /><p id="caption-attachment-1064" class="wp-caption-text">©paristeampunk.canalblog.com</p></div>
<p>Kristal Saray&#8217;ı dünya tarihinin önemli yapılarından yapan en önemli özelliği konstrüksiyon detaylarıdır. Prefabrike demir taşıyıcılar vr bu taşıyıcıların arasına yerleştirilmiş cam levhalar yapıyı oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, dünyanın ilk seralarından biridir. Sanayi Devrimi sonrasında önem kazanan dökme ve dövme demirin inşaat sektöründe kullanılmaya başlanılmasının ilk örneklerindendir. Aynı zamanda, prefabrikasyon yöntemi kullanıldığı için, bu devasa yapının inşaatı 9 ay gibi kısa bir sürede tamamlanabilmiştir.</p>
<div id="attachment_1065" style="width: 493px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-1065" data-attachment-id="1065" data-permalink="https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/originial_drawing/" data-orig-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/originial_drawing.jpg" data-orig-size="560,742" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="Kristal Saray" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;Kristal Saray &amp;#8211; Joseph Paxton&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;İlk eskiz / ©Victoria and Albert Museum London&lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/originial_drawing-226x300.jpg" data-large-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/originial_drawing-483x640.jpg" class="size-large wp-image-1065" src="http://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/originial_drawing-483x640.jpg" alt="" width="483" height="640" srcset="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/originial_drawing-483x640.jpg 483w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/originial_drawing-226x300.jpg 226w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/originial_drawing.jpg 560w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 483px) 100vw, 483px" /><p id="caption-attachment-1065" class="wp-caption-text">İlk eskiz / ©Victoria and Albert Museum London</p></div>
<p>Viktoryan mimarinin en önemli temsilcilerinden olan Kristal Saray, 1854&#8217;te Hyde Park&#8217;tan Sydenham&#8217;a taşındı ve burada yeniden kuruldu. 1936&#8217;da geçirdiği bir yangın sonucunda büyük zarar gördü. 1941&#8217;de ise, II. Dünya Savaşı&#8217;nda Alman uçakları tarafından hedef olabileceği gerekçesiyle yangında ayakta kalmayı başaran parçaları sökülerek kaldırıldı.</p>

<a href='https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/789px-crystal_palace_general_view_from_water_temple/'><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" src="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/789px-Crystal_Palace_General_view_from_Water_Temple-150x150.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" alt="Kristal Saray - Joseph Paxton" data-attachment-id="1059" data-permalink="https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/789px-crystal_palace_general_view_from_water_temple/" data-orig-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/789px-Crystal_Palace_General_view_from_Water_Temple.jpg" data-orig-size="789,600" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="Kristal Saray" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;Kristal Saray &amp;#8211; Joseph Paxton&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;©Wikimedia Commons &lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/789px-Crystal_Palace_General_view_from_Water_Temple-300x228.jpg" data-large-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/789px-Crystal_Palace_General_view_from_Water_Temple-640x487.jpg" /></a>
<a href='https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/crystal_palace/'><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" src="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Crystal_Palace-150x150.png" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" alt="Kristal Saray - Joseph Paxton" data-attachment-id="1063" data-permalink="https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/crystal_palace/" data-orig-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Crystal_Palace.png" data-orig-size="476,341" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="Kristal Saray" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;Kristal Saray &amp;#8211; Joseph Paxton&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;©Wikimedia Commons &lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Crystal_Palace-300x215.png" data-large-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Crystal_Palace.png" /></a>
<a href='https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/attachment/72726307/'><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" src="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/72726307-150x150.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" alt="Kristal Saray - Joseph Paxton" data-attachment-id="1061" data-permalink="https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/attachment/72726307/" data-orig-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/72726307.jpg" data-orig-size="560,375" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="Kristal Saray" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;Kristal Saray &amp;#8211; Joseph Paxton&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;©paristeampunk.canalblog.com&lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/72726307-300x201.jpg" data-large-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/72726307.jpg" /></a>
<a href='https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/interior-2/'><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" src="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/interior-150x150.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" alt="Kristal Saray - Joseph Paxton" data-attachment-id="1064" data-permalink="https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/interior-2/" data-orig-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/interior.jpg" data-orig-size="520,306" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="Kristal Saray" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;Kristal Saray &amp;#8211; Joseph Paxton&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;©paristeampunk.canalblog.com&lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/interior-300x177.jpg" data-large-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/interior.jpg" /></a>
<a href='https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/crystal-palace-paxton-plan_1/'><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" src="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Crystal.Palace.Paxton.Plan_1-150x150.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" alt="Kristal Saray - Joseph Paxton" data-attachment-id="1062" data-permalink="https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/crystal-palace-paxton-plan_1/" data-orig-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Crystal.Palace.Paxton.Plan_1.jpg" data-orig-size="1088,1440" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}" data-image-title="Kristal Saray" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;Kristal Saray &amp;#8211; Joseph Paxton&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;Görünüş ve zemin kat planı ©Wikimedia Commons &lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Crystal.Palace.Paxton.Plan_1-227x300.jpg" data-large-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Crystal.Palace.Paxton.Plan_1-484x640.jpg" /></a>
<a href='https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/originial_drawing/'><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" src="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/originial_drawing-150x150.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" alt="Kristal Saray - Joseph Paxton" data-attachment-id="1065" data-permalink="https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/originial_drawing/" data-orig-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/originial_drawing.jpg" data-orig-size="560,742" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="Kristal Saray" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;Kristal Saray &amp;#8211; Joseph Paxton&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;İlk eskiz / ©Victoria and Albert Museum London&lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/originial_drawing-226x300.jpg" data-large-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/originial_drawing-483x640.jpg" /></a>
<a href='https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/800px-crystal_palace_-_plan/'><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" src="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/800px-Crystal_Palace_-_plan-150x150.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" alt="Kristal Saray - Joseph Paxton" data-attachment-id="1060" data-permalink="https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/800px-crystal_palace_-_plan/" data-orig-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/800px-Crystal_Palace_-_plan.jpg" data-orig-size="800,530" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="Kristal Saray" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;Kristal Saray &amp;#8211; Joseph Paxton plan&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;Sergi alanı planı / ©Wikimedia Commons &lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/800px-Crystal_Palace_-_plan-300x199.jpg" data-large-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/800px-Crystal_Palace_-_plan-640x424.jpg" /></a>
<a href='https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/the_crystal_palace_grounds/'><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" src="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/The_Crystal_Palace_grounds-150x150.jpg" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail" alt="Kristal Saray - Joseph Paxton" data-attachment-id="1066" data-permalink="https://www.arkitektuel.com/kristal-saray/the_crystal_palace_grounds/" data-orig-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/The_Crystal_Palace_grounds.jpg" data-orig-size="2000,2867" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="Kristal Saray" data-image-description="&lt;p&gt;Kristal Saray &amp;#8211; Joseph Paxton plan&lt;/p&gt;
" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;Vaziyet Planı / ©Wikimedia Commons &lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/The_Crystal_Palace_grounds-209x300.jpg" data-large-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/The_Crystal_Palace_grounds-446x640.jpg" /></a>

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		<post-id xmlns="com-wordpress:feed-additions:1">1058</post-id>	</item>
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		<title>Bir mimari başkaldırı: Arts&#038;Crafts</title>
		<link>https://www.arkitektuel.com/bir-mimari-baskaldiri-artscrafts/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[arkitektuel]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Jan 2017 23:07:41 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Makaleler]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[anti endüstriyel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[arts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[arts&crafts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[crafts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[el sanatları]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[form norm]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[gotik mimari]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[kırmızı ev]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mimari]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mimarlık tarihi]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[phillip webb]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[romanesk mimari]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sanat akımı]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sanat ve zanaat]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[viktoryan mimari]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[william morris]]></category>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>Arts&#38;Crafts (Türkçesi Sanatlar ve El sanatları) akımı, dekoratif sanat dallarında 1880’lerde ortaya çıkmış önemli mimari akımlardan biridir. Britanya kıtasında doğan bu akım, Ada’dan 30 yıl içerisinde önce Avrupa’ya daha sonra ise Kuzey Amerika ve Japonya’ya kadar ulaşmış ve bir çok sanatçıyı etkilemiştir. Arts&#38;Crafts akımı, yalnızca sanatsal bir akım olarak değerlendirilemez. Bu akım, hızla endüstriyelleşen 19. [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://www.arkitektuel.com/bir-mimari-baskaldiri-artscrafts/">Bir mimari başkaldırı: Arts&#038;Crafts</a> appeared first on <a href="https://www.arkitektuel.com">Arkitektuel</a>.</p>
]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Arts&amp;Crafts (Türkçesi Sanatlar ve El sanatları) akımı, dekoratif sanat dallarında 1880’lerde ortaya çıkmış önemli mimari akımlardan biridir. Britanya kıtasında doğan bu akım, Ada’dan 30 yıl içerisinde önce Avrupa’ya daha sonra ise Kuzey Amerika ve Japonya’ya kadar ulaşmış ve bir çok sanatçıyı etkilemiştir.</p>
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<p>Arts&amp;Crafts akımı, yalnızca sanatsal bir akım olarak değerlendirilemez. Bu akım, hızla endüstriyelleşen 19. yüzyıl global dünyasına bir başkaldırıdır ve sanatsal önerilerinin yanı sıra ekonomik ve sosyal reformu da öngören bir akımdır. Bu nedenle, akım yalnızca ‘form’ değişikliğini değil, aynı zamanda sistem ve işlev değişikliğini de öngörmüştür. Sanayi devrimi ardından gelen makineleşme ve seri üretim kültürü sebebiyle yozlaşmış, dejenere olmuş kültürel değerleri eleştiren bu akım, sanayileşmenin karşısında sanatsal bir eylem olarak savaşmaya çalışmıştır. 1800’lerin sonunda ortaya çıkan fabrikalaşma furyasının sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan seri üretim akımının sonucunda üretilen ürünlerin kalitesinin düşük olması ve sanatsal bir özelliğinin olmaması, bu akımı destekleyen sanatçıların eleştirdiği temel noktalardan biridir. Ortaçağ zanaatlarından, romantik ve folklorik stillerden beslenen Arts&amp;Crafts akımı, üretilen ürünlerin sanatsal niceliklerini de arttırmayı hedeflemiştir.</p>
<div id="attachment_326" style="width: 308px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-326" data-attachment-id="326" data-permalink="https://www.arkitektuel.com/bir-mimari-baskaldiri-artscrafts/william_morris_design_for_trellis_wallpaper_1862/" data-orig-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/william_morris_design_for_trellis_wallpaper_1862.jpg" data-orig-size="978,1024" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}" data-image-title="Trellis duvarkağıdı" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;Trellis duvar kağıdı, 1862, William Morris&lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/william_morris_design_for_trellis_wallpaper_1862-287x300.jpg" data-large-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/william_morris_design_for_trellis_wallpaper_1862-611x640.jpg" class="wp-image-326 " src="http://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/william_morris_design_for_trellis_wallpaper_1862-287x300.jpg" width="298" height="311" srcset="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/william_morris_design_for_trellis_wallpaper_1862-287x300.jpg 287w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/william_morris_design_for_trellis_wallpaper_1862-768x804.jpg 768w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/william_morris_design_for_trellis_wallpaper_1862-611x640.jpg 611w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/william_morris_design_for_trellis_wallpaper_1862-740x775.jpg 740w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/william_morris_design_for_trellis_wallpaper_1862-115x120.jpg 115w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/william_morris_design_for_trellis_wallpaper_1862.jpg 978w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 298px) 100vw, 298px" /><p id="caption-attachment-326" class="wp-caption-text">Trellis duvar kağıdı, 1862, William Morris</p></div>
<p>Bu sanat akımının en önemli öncülerinden biri, 1934 doğumlu ünlü tasarımcı, şair, yazar, çevirmen ve aktivist William Morris’tir. Morris, kendisinden önce gelen iki önemli Neogotik mimarın söylemlerinden oldukça etkilenmiştir: John Ruskin ve A.W.N Pugin. William Morris, John Ruskin’in ürettiği fikirleri hayata geçirerek Arts&amp;Crafts akımının temellerini oluşturmuştur. Morris aynı zamanda “Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood” akımının da temsilcilerinden biridir.</p>
<h5 style="text-align: center;">“Evlerinizde işe yaramayan veya güzel olmayan hiçbir şeyi bulundurmayın.”</h5>
<h5 style="text-align: center;">-William Morris</h5>
<p>Morris, birkaç arkadaşı ile beraber, Morris, Marshall ve Faulkner Şirketi’ni 1862’de kurmuştur. Her ne kadar bu şirket yola çıkarken hedeflediği işleri başaramamış olsa da, sanat tarihi açısından büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Bu şirket, Sanayi Devrimi ardından gelen makineleşme trendine bir alternatif getirilebileceğini kanıtlamıştır. Morris ve ortakları, atölyeler kurarak, el-işi eserler üreterek endüstriyel sisteme alternatif bir system önermiştir ve bu başarı dünya çapında bir çok sanatçıyı etkilemiştir.</p>
<h5 style="text-align: center;">“Makine ile üretim tamamen şeytanidir.”</h5>
<p>Arts&amp;Crafts akımının mimari yansımaları da dünya çapında yankı uyandırmıştır. Viktoryan mimarinin tekdüzeliğinden sıkılmış olan mimarlar, Arts&amp;Crafts akımını geçmişe dönüş amaçlı kullanmışlardır.</p>
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<p>Bu akımın en önemli mimari eserlerinden biri William Morris ve Phillip Webb tarafından tasarlanan ‘Kırmızı Ev’ olarak gösterilebilir. Bu yapı, Arts&amp;Crafts akımının mimari üzerinde yansımalarını ve radikal değişimleri en belirgin şekilde gösterebilmektedir. Bu akımın en özgün özelliklerinden biri, her yapı elemanının özel olarak tasarlanmış olmasıdır. Her yapı elemanının belli bir amacı vardır ve bu amaç uğruna el-yapımı olarak tasarlanmıştır.</p>
<div id="attachment_330" style="width: 650px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-330" data-attachment-id="330" data-permalink="https://www.arkitektuel.com/bir-mimari-baskaldiri-artscrafts/philip_webb27s_red_house_in_upton/" data-orig-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/philip_webb27s_red_house_in_upton.jpg" data-orig-size="768,462" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;HTC Rhyme S510b&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1400154860&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;3.03&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;76&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}" data-image-title="Kırmızı Ev" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="&lt;p&gt;©Ethan Doyle White&lt;/p&gt;
" data-medium-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/philip_webb27s_red_house_in_upton-300x180.jpg" data-large-file="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/philip_webb27s_red_house_in_upton-640x385.jpg" class="wp-image-330 size-large" src="http://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/philip_webb27s_red_house_in_upton-640x385.jpg" width="640" height="385" srcset="https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/philip_webb27s_red_house_in_upton-640x385.jpg 640w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/philip_webb27s_red_house_in_upton-300x180.jpg 300w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/philip_webb27s_red_house_in_upton.jpg 768w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/philip_webb27s_red_house_in_upton-740x445.jpg 740w, https://www.arkitektuel.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/philip_webb27s_red_house_in_upton-120x72.jpg 120w" sizes="auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /><p id="caption-attachment-330" class="wp-caption-text">©Ethan Doyle White</p></div>
<p>Geçmişe dönüş sinyallerini Gotik ve Romanesk unsurlar ile sağlayan Webb, yapısında simetriyi, tekrarı ve hiyerarşiyi reddetmiştir. Bina üzerindeki her pencere, farklı yükseklikte ve farklı şekilde tasarlanmıştır. Pencere içeriye ışık almayı sağlayan bir araçtır ve yalnızca bu amaca hizmet etmek için binanın üzerinde bulunur. Bu nedenle her pencere birbirinden farklı olabilir. Aynı şekilde,  yapının plan düzleminde de simetrik unsurlar reddedilmiş ve tamamen fonksiyona yönelik bir plan şeması oluşturulmuştur. Estetik kaygılar fonksiyon uğruna reddedilmiştir. Buna ek olarak, yapıya ismini veren kırmızı tuğlalar da Arts&amp;Crafts döneminin önemli strüktürel elemanlarından biridir.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
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